Fixed format questionnaires, also known as closed-ended questionnaires, are a type of survey technique that consists of pre-defined questions with set answer options. The respondents are asked to pick one or more answer options from the provided list, rather than being allowed to give their own answer. This method is widely used in social sciences, market research, and polling, as it allows for easy collection and analysis of quantitative data.
Fixed format questionnaires generally involve questions that are multiple choice, rating scales, or yes/no responses. These question types are useful for obtaining specific information from the respondents in a quick and easy way. Other common features of fixed format questionnaires are the use of skip logic, where the respondent is directed to a specific question based on their answer to a previous one, and the use of structured scales that can help quantify responses for easier analysis.
One of the biggest advantages of using fixed format questionnaires is the ease of designing and administering the survey. They allow for consistent data collection, as all respondents answer the same questions in the same way. This makes it easier to analyze and compare data to draw meaningful conclusions. Additionally, data collected through fixed format questionnaires is often easier to quantify and statistically analyze than data collected through open-ended responses.
However, fixed format questionnaires also have some limitations. They can be restrictive and limit the respondents' ability to fully express themselves or provide additional insight beyond the provided answer options. Questions may not always accurately reflect the respondents' perspective, leading to response bias. Additionally, some respondents may find the answer options insufficient or not applicable to their situation, leading to incomplete or inaccurate responses.
In conclusion, fixed format questionnaires are a useful survey tool for collecting specific and consistent quantitative data. While they have some limitations, the ease of administering and analyzing data collected through fixed format questionnaires makes them a popular choice for researchers and marketers.
