Demographic audience analysis is the process of studying, analyzing and understanding the characteristics of your target audience based on factors such as age, gender, race, location, income and education level. Knowing your audience helps you tailor a marketing campaign so that it appeals to the right people in the right way.
An example of demographic audience analysis would be a fashion company looking to target teenage girls, aged 12-15, who live in a certain geographic region and have a household income of over $75,000 per year. The company would analyze data from sources such their own website, visitor data from social media platforms, and market research to determine the trends and interests of their target audience. From this, they would be able to develop a tailored campaign that speaks to their target demographic in an effective way.
For more information on demographic audience analysis, you can check out this article:
https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/what-is-demographic-analysis