A chapter is a basic unit of a book. It is usually composed of several smaller sections, each of which is typically named. In a traditional book, chapters typically follow a consistent pattern: they begin on a new page, are usually numbered, and are separated from each other by white space.
Many books are organized into chapters in order to make them easier to read and reference. For instance, a textbook on physics might have one chapter on Newtonian mechanics, another on electromagnetism, and so on. This organization makes it easier for the reader to find and understand the information they are looking for.
In some cases, chapters may be further divided into sub-chapters. For instance, a chapter on Newtonian mechanics might be divided into sub-chapters on kinematics, dynamics, and energy. This can make large chapters more manageable and easier to read.